What do trait theories of leadership focus on?

Trait theories of leadership emphasize the inherent characteristics and qualities that distinguish leaders from those who do not assume leadership roles. These theories are grounded in the belief that certain traits, such as intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, and sociability, play a significant role in a person's ability to lead effectively. By identifying these traits, researchers hope to understand what makes certain individuals more successful in leadership positions.

This approach contrasts with other leadership theories that might focus more on behaviors, situational factors, or historical context. For example, behavioral theories examine the actions leaders take rather than their intrinsic qualities. Similarly, situational theories focus on how environmental factors influence leadership effectiveness, and the historical context emphasizes how leadership styles have evolved over time. Thus, trait theories specifically hone in on the personal attributes that set leaders apart, making option C the most accurate representation of their focus.