What is the primary focus of self-determination theory?

The primary focus of self-determination theory revolves around the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on human behavior and psychological well-being. This theory posits that individuals are naturally inclined to seek out challenges and new possibilities, driven by their intrinsic motivation—engaging in activities for their inherent enjoyment and satisfaction. Meanwhile, extrinsic motivation refers to performing actions for external rewards or to avoid negative consequences.

Self-determination theory emphasizes the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness as key psychological needs. When these needs are satisfied, individuals are more likely to be intrinsically motivated, which can lead to improved performance, greater persistence, and enhanced well-being. Understanding the distinctions and impacts of these two forms of motivation helps organizations create environments that foster engagement and satisfaction among employees.

The other options, while related to aspects of motivation and behavior, do not center on the core principles of self-determination theory. Group dynamics, cognitive abilities, and environmental factors all play important roles in organizational behavior, but they do not encapsulate the primary focus of self-determination theory, which is specifically concerned with the motivations that drive individual actions and satisfaction.